In this report below, we outline a selection of options for pragmatic approaches to governance that could emerge for each resource system, with the specific goal of highlighting alternatives to a top-down, one-size-fits-all approach.

The success of a lunar settlement will be significantly and quantifiably tied to the presence or absence of pragmatic zoning policy. Zoning and land use policies can improve the efficiency of infrastructure and cost effectiveness of development.

Eliminating mistrust and building confidence between states is crucial now more than ever, with lunar ambitions emerging from different nations simultaneously. TCBMs will be critical to preserve security on the Moon and ensure that activities continue to be conducted “exclusively for peaceful purposes”.

The aim of the study was to identify the prioritization and intensity of the foundational interests of respective stakeholder groups, and to assess how the different governance scenarios fulfilled each respective interest.

Sustained presence in outer space requires a categorical shift in thinking, going beyond “exploration” to think instead about tenure: policies rooted in experience, lessons learned from historic engagements with frontiers, and long term thinking, in order to construct strong foundations and longevity of presence.

This Backgrounder on lunar norms is intended to succinctly summarize the norms (rules, laws, principles, and guidelines) applicable to lunar activities (whether governmental or nongovernmental). Although legal in nature, it should be understandable to those without a legal education.

What is the meaning, purpose and life cycle of lunar legal norms? In December 2019, we co-hosted a workshop with the Secure World Foundation to explore these questions. Explore the results.

Policy analogs enable the application of insights from familiar domains to new contexts—referencing physical, legal, procedural, or economic properties that are shared between the source and target domains. Here, we introduce an array of potential analogs for lunar governance and summarises their uses and limitations.